Convenção-Quadro para o Controle do Tabaco

Background: The tobacco industry works to block, delay and weaken national tobacco control legislation to implement the FCTC. This paper reviews how Nepal overcame industry opposition and to a comprehensive tobacco control law implementing the FCTC.

Methods: We triangulated newspaper articles and policy documents with key informant interviews.

Results: With the support of international health groups, local tobacco control advocates worked with policymakers in Nepal to pass a comprehensive tobacco control law that exceeded FCTC obligations. The tobacco industry exploited a time of political transition to block consideration by Parliament, arranged and sponsored foreign tours for legislators, made death threats to tobacco control advocates and their families, and argued for the economic importance of tobacco farms. Despite strong interference from Health, and Law and Justice ministers, a 2009 Supreme Court ruling helped tobacco control advocates secure a comprehensive tobacco control law in 2011 that included rotating pictorial health warning labels covering 75% of both sides of cigarette packages, 100% smoke free public places and workplaces, private homes and vehicles, and a tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship ban.

Conclusions: Advocates in developing countries should utilize Nepal's experience to reject tobacco industry offers of compromise and continue educating politicians and legislators to generate political support to pass a comprehensive tobacco control law. Technical and financial support from international agencies, and effective collaboration and coordination of civil societies, and utilization of domestic litigation are helpful in LMICs where governance is weak.

Implications: The tobacco industry exploited a time of political transition in Nepal in its effort to block comprehensive tobacco control policy in Parliament by sponsoring foreign tours of legislatures, making death threats to tobacco control advocates and their families, and arguing for the economic importance of tobacco farms. Tobacco control advocates used litigation to raise awareness and educate legislators, and promote strong legislation with the involvement of international health groups. Technical and financial support from international agencies, and effective collaboration and coordination of civil societies, and utilization of domestic litigation are helpful in LMICs where governance is weak.

O secretário de Agricultura Familiar e Cooperativismo do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), Fernando Schwanke, é o entrevistado do Anuário Brasileiro do Tabaco 2020. Na sua entrevista, que vai da página 10 até a 16 da publicação, ele responde questionamentos sobre a agricultura familiar em tempos de pandemia, o sistema de integração da cadeia produtiva do tabaco, a Conferência das Partes da Convenção-Quadro para o Controle do Tabaco, os planos do Ministério para a agricultura familiar identificada com o tabaco, sucessão rural, contrabando e expectativas para o pós-pandemia.

Os representantes da indústria do tabaco e os prefeitos que representam a Associação dos Municípios Produtores de Tabaco (Amprotabaco) participaram, pela segunda vez, de uma reunião com a chefe da delegação brasileira na Conferência das Partes da Convenção-Quadro para o Controle do Tabaco (COP 8), a embaixadora Maria Nazareth Farani Azevêdo, em Genebra. A proposta é construir um calendário para diversificação de plantio, para garantir a participação da indústria como observador na 9ª Conferência das Partes.